Air Quality Essays - Aerosols, Environmental Chemistry,

Air Quality Air Quality & Dispersion Today, the air quality aspect of ARL research is by far the dominant theme, but distinctions among the themes remain somewhat vague. For example, the models developed for emergency response purposes are among those used for air quality prediction. The Air Quality and Dispersion theme is one of the strongest ties that binds ARL's components together. ARL is not heavily involved in the pure science of the business. Instead, ARL focusses on the need to assemble integrated understanding and models from all available sources, to develop the capability to predict changes in air quality that will follow changes in emissions, or that will occur as a result of meteorological factors. ARL air quality research extends to studies of atmospheric deposition essentially the coupling between the atmospheric pollutant environment and the surface below. ARL now operates the only research-grade deposition monitoring network in the nation: AIRMoN (the Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network). Programs. Air Quality and Deposition Modeling Air quality models have demanded this kind of coupling for a considerable time. As a result, there are now well-developed descriptions of PBL processes in use in air quality models. ARL research products are now receiving a wider audience, within the mesoscale modeling community at large. It is recognized that modern models are invariably data assimilative, and that modern monitoring programs require coupled modeling activities for data interpretation. Model development programs are supported by a vigorous physical modeling program, located at Research Triangle Park, NC. ARL operates one of the nation's major fluid modeling facilities, at which studies are conducted on the effects of mountains, buildings, and other surface obstacles on atmospheric flow patterns. Integrated Monitoring, and AIRMoN The Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network is an atmospheric component to the overall national integrated monitoring initiative that is currently evolving. AIRMoN has two principal components: wet and dry deposition. ARL presently focuses its research attention on the measurement of precipitation chemistry with fine time resolution (AIRMoN-wet), the development of systems for measuring deposition, both wet and dry, the measurement of dry deposition using micrometeorological methods (AIRMoN-dry), the development of techniques for assessing air-surface exchange in areas (such as specific watersheds) where intensive studies are not feasible, and the extension of local measurements and knowledge to describe areal average exchange in numerical models. Aerosols and visibility ARL specializes in the geochemical cycling of atmospheric aerosols, particularly the particulate component. Research groups in ARL concentrate on (a) the injection of dust and soil particles into the atmosphere, (b) the transport of particles through the atmosphere, ? the production of aerosol particles in the air by chemical reactions, (d) the scavenging of airborne particles by clouds and their subsequent deposition in precipitation, (e) the dry deposition of particles as air moves across different landscapes, and (f) the assembly of numerical models. Specific topics include the injection of dust and soil particles into the atmosphere, the long-range transport of particles through the atmosphere, the production of aerosol particles in the air by chemical reactions, the scavenging of airborne particles by clouds and their subsequent deposition in precipitation, and the dry deposition of particles as air moves across different landscapes. International ARL serves as the leader of the U.S. multi-agency effort to impose formalized and uniform quality assurance programs on the many national air quality and deposition monitoring networks that are operational around the globe. How are ozone concentrations calculated with Hysplit? Ozone is then calculated from the photostationary state equation. The IER solution is used in the operational Hysplit ozone calculation. The pollutant particles are tracked and air concentrations for each species are computed each advection time step following the usual lagrangian approaches. At the conclusion of the advection step the GRS differential equations are solved on the concentration grid (Eulerian solution), and the change of concentration of each pollutant species is applied to the pollutant mass on the particles that contributed concentration to each grid cell. -Eulerian chemistry solution on the grid dc/dt = {Equations 1 - 7} 1) ROC + hv -* RP + ROC Nitric oxide-ozone titration reaction 5) RP + RP -* RP k5 = 10200 Sink for nitrogen dioxide to stable gaseous

Diet Nutrition and Metabolism Diet Essay

Diet Nutrition and Metabolism Diet Essay Diet: Nutrition and Metabolism Diet Essay Ballerina Diet Each serving of food must be divided into half; Soups are independent meals and should be eaten separately from other foods; Never mix different type of protein in one meal (such as fish, meat and dairy); Use only low fat or fat free dairy products (including cheeses), always dilute milk with water or ice; Never add sugar or sugar substitutes to your drinks; Use only home made mayonnaise without egg yolks and salt; Do not use salt; substitute it with soy sauce and spices; Drink water 30 minutes before meal or 1 hour after; Drink at least 8-10 cups of water every day; Drink slimming tea regularly. The main principle of metabolism diet is that you limit your daily food consumption to 10 products that you select in advance. In addition, you have to eat al least 5 small meals per day. If you manage to follow this simple rule you will lose up to 6 pounds in one week depending on your body weight and previous eating habits. Furthermore, it is necessary to consume each of these ten products every day during this week. You are allowed to mix and match the foods as you wish as long as your total daily intake does not exceed thee pounds. Additionally you may enhance the flavor of your meals with different spices such as onion, garlic, parsley, dill, lemon juice, honey, and pepper. You may also add two table spoon of extra virgin olive oil in your meals every day. Last but not least, remember

Property and Liability Insurance Research Paper

Property and Liability Insurance - Research Paper Example When the risk event occurs and a claim is made, the insurance company has to cover the claim. The main objective of taking a property and liability insurance is to cover one’s own property from various risks including theft, fire, accident, electric circuitry damages, lighting, etc, but to also cover third parties such as employees, visitors, general public, etc (Economy Watch, 2010). PLI provides for 3 major duties from the insurance company, namely, duty to defend, duty to indemnify and duty to address a reasonable clear claim. The duty to defend arises when the insured party is sued and claims a liability from the insurance company. The insurance company when it receives a claim from the third party may either choose to defend the insured, seek a declaratory judgment of no coverage or choose either. The second duty the insurer has is to indemnify the insured to what the insurance company is liable. The third duty the insurance company has is to settle all the reasonable cla ims and often if the insurer fails to settle the amount for within the claim limit, the insured can take the insurance company to court and claim beyond the set amount. ... Employment liability (or workman’s compensation) is a form of insurance that should be mandatorily taken by all the businesses and is meant to protect the employer from all risk events that may occur to the employees whilst they perform their duties. Tenant’s liability – Tenants that stay in the insurer place are covered for abilities by the owner from risks that may be present in the rented place. General liability – Covers the business, the employee’s third parties, etc, from risks including the risk to business. Professional liability is a form of liability that is taken by a professional such as a physician, lawyer or dentist, and would cover to pay for damages to any third party that may have been caused whilst provision of professional services. The main intention of professional liability is to protect the professional from malpractice claims. Professionals need to take a higher level of care whilst providing their services. D & O Liability o r Directors and Officers liability is a form of insurance that aims to cover the actions of the directors and officers of a company. It can be used to limit the damage to the company that may be caused by the actions of the directors or the officers (Economy Watch 2010). Insurance Fraud is any act that is committed by one party in order to obtain insurance money from the insurer fraudulently. The extent of fraud may vary from one case to another and include, claiming larger than expected insurance damages, deliberately causing accident and damages with the intent of causing losses to the insurance company or increasing the premium that is offered to the insured (Total Criminal Defense, 2010). Today insurance

Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson - Essay Example The essay "Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson" discovers Spiral Jetty, the earthwork sculpture by Robert Smithson. The Spiral Jetty was completed in 1970 and is located in Great Salt Lake, Utah. Museums around the world show pictures of the earthworks created by Robert. Robert was killed in a plane crash in 1973 while overseeing one of his artworks by plane. Robert’s use of the earth to create modern art was a form of larger than life expression and a new way to produce works of art. The works by Robert made him an original contributor and opened a gateway for new artist to express themselves. During the 1970’s this was a time of change. People were expressing themselves more than ever and looking to change the world. Robert Smithson appeared to be much appreciative of the earth and each architectural element the earth was able to provide. Robert traveled around the world searching for specific areas where he could produce earth works and create art that would exert the mo st artistic impact. This is shown in a trip made by Robert Smithson and John Lloyd Stevens. During the trip the two traveled to the Yucatan Peninsula on an expedition in what Roberts hoped to find a new place to create art. This was just one of many trips made by Robert. Roberts contributed too many creative contributions that shaped art in the 1970’s. Spiral Jetty which was created in Great Salt Lake, Utah is a great example of the many creative contributions that Robert created. Spiral Jetty took much man power to create. Spiral Jetty is 1500ft long and spirals. The earth work was made possible by the use of dump trucks, a tractor and 6500 tons of earth (Galenson). What made the earth work so creative was not the work out into creating it but the idea that the Spiral Jetty would not be visible at all times. The Great Salt Lake rises and lowers. This rising and lowering meant that the Spiral Jetty would not be visible at all times. When the Spiral Jetty was finally made visi ble, it was a beautiful piece of art made solely out of earth. Symbolism Each piece of art created by Robert Smithson symbolized so much more than the average art. It has been quoted throughout the life of Robert that he thought of a new way of thinking. This new way of thinking symbolized that art was not something that could only be displayed in a museum (White Duncan). Robert proved this by his way of showing that art can come in any size. It was also very symbolic for an artist to display a form of art that was only visible when the water level was appropriate. This clearly symbolized that art is something that should be appreciated as one may not know when it will be visible again. Meaning of the Works There is much meaning felt behind the works of Robert Smithson and creations like the Spiral Jetty. Robert had a mind that wanted to express art in a new way. Although he was not the only artist to explore using earth to create art, the meaning behind his work leaves one to wonde r the meaning. This could be exactly what Robert wanted to create. He may have wanted those in the future to create their own meaning behind what was created. That is the beauty behind art in itself. Each on looker will develop a sense and feeling toward each piece of work. That makes work like the Spiral Jetty so remarkable. This also gives meaning to words that Robert lived by which explained that art is not something that necessarily has to be kept in a museum. Conclusion The artwork made by artist in the late twentieth century opened many doors and enabled future artist to look at art in a different perspective. Earthworks showed how precious and beautiful earth can be. Showing earths beauty was an important part of life for many in the 1970’

Improve service operations in public service institution a 'X' Company Essay

Improve service operations in public service institution a 'X' Company - Essay Example Focus was also given on quality management and important areas under this were discussed. Certain tools for quality management were also analysed. This was concluded by stressing the importance of quality in the highly competitive business environment existing toady. Introduction: Quality is something every consumer is conscious about. But it cannot be said about manufacturers or service producers. But in a highly competitive environment, maintaining quality has become the buzzword and is now something that cannot be ignored. "The birth of total quality in the United States came as a direct response to the quality revolution in Japan following World War II. (Basic Concepts). The concept of quality in a public service organisation still has not caught up in the same level as found in privately owned ones, though this trend is changing. "Only recently has the quest for quality come to the fore in public enterprises." (Delaunay p.199). As you all know that this is a newly formed company engaged in supplying food to the children public school and have been directed to increase efficiency and decrease costs of the meal provided. This report is an analyses of the problems in quality management faced by the company and the present situation after the implementation of the suggestions provided for improvement Quality can be improved in three major categories namely quality measurement, quality diagnosis and quality improvement. It was in these areas that focus was given to improve the quality of the service provided by the company. The company has two main divisions, namely the food procurement division and the transport division for delivering food to the schools. The company is supplying food to five schools with a total strength of 2500 children. It also has supporting departments like accounting, payroll and maintenance. The transportation department is also made use of by the procurement department to purchase food items for the purpose of distribution to schools. There are about 5 trucks and 10 smaller delivery vans owned by the company. The maintenance department was created to cut down costs of repairs and maintenance by giving the vehicles to private workshops. Description of the current situation: The company works under budget constraints and increasing costs in inputs without increasing budget allocation had forced us to take up quality management programs. Moreover the company's procurement policies are not cost effective. Purchases like groceries, vegetables and meat are purchased as and when required from wholesalers and sometimes retailers without trying to identify the good quality merchandise at the cheapest price available. The main problem is that even though the exact quantity to be supplied each month was known, no steps were being taken to buy them in bulk thereby saving in prices. Also no attempts were being made to purchase fresh produce like meat and vegetables from farmers and other producers themselves an arbitrary purchasing policy has caused transportation costs to raise because of the higher number of trips made by the company vehicles. Even though there is a purchase manger and department no directives have been recei ved by the company for an agreement with wholesalers to supply the required items on a contract basis. No clear cut policy, as to how purchases are to be made did not exist then. Both the above factors were the main reason why

Business plant of E T Enterprise

Business plant of E T Enterprise E.T Enterprise is a partnership which manufactures traditional cake , bahulu. This company is established on Jun 2008 and commenced on July 2008. This partnership costs RM 323,857.00 which mostly the amount is contributed by the six partners and the rest being financed by loan from bank. The location of this company are at the Meru and it is a base to produce the bahulu because it is near to the raw material and labour sources which is the village people. The target market consists of the population in Shah Alam and Klang area. Theres no restriction in terms of the age group of the target market for its bahulu as bahulu can be enjoyed by many , regardless of ethnicity and social background. From our survey , the estimated size of our market is approximately RM1, 379,413. There are 3 main competitors that sell bahulu in Shah Alam Kelang which consist of J.K. Enterprise , S.U. Enterpise and S.A. Enterpise. The types of bahulu that this company offer to the customers are bahulu with cream ( strawberry , vanilla and chocolate ), cup bahulu with cream and topping , birthday bahulu and wedding cup bahulu. For each types of bahulu , this company put the price by using the cost based pricing. In order to promote the bahulu , they do sales promotion like giving bahulu sample and discounts to the customers. Hence , they advertise the bahulu in some local magazines. This company also have their own website to enable the customers to gain information about their product. The company distribute their product through retailers around Shah Alam , Klang and Meru. They estimate the sales based on the customers awareness about their product and seasonal factors like Hari Raya and wedding seasons. For operation , they apply the Just in Time concept where the entire of finish product is sent immediately to their intermediaries and final users which help them in minimize the storage cost. All production is produce based on sales forecast. This company choose Meru as the location because it fulfils the business basic needs. The suppliers are located throughout Klang and Shah Alam. PURPOSE OF BUSINESS PLAN The main purposes of this business plan are : To evaluate the project viability and growth potential. To apply for loans from bank as company capital and to know how much each shareholders need to invest. To act as a guideline or reference for the management of the proposed business. To allocate business resources effectively. To forecast the business performance for better decision making. For better understanding of in and out of the business. BACKGROUND OF THE BUSINESS Name of the business ET Enterprise Sdn Bhd Business address Lot A-2, Jalan Kemboja, Taman Meru Indah, Kg. Meru, 42200 Meru, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Correspondence address Lot A-2, Jalan Kemboja, Taman Meru Indah, Kg. Meru, 42200 Meru, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Telephone number 03-33925544 Form of business Patnership Main activity Manufacturing Date of business commencement 1st July 2008 Name of bank Bank Islam Bank account number 13-456-01-556634-1 Equity contribution RM 263,643 The above is the logo of this company business. The word E stands for modernization. It relates to their business where them want to introduce the bahulu to the wide global market. Furthermore , their also do some innovation to their bahulu in order to modernize it so that it can be accepted globally. Traditional stands for the type of business that thier run which is the traditional malay food , bahulu. This company choose the word traditional so that people will easily relates to their business with the traditional malay food. In their logo , they have chose two colours which are blue and red. Blue stands for innovation that they do to the bahulu in order to modernize it and to attract people to buy it. While red stands for the spirit to develop the traditional business and to introduce bahulu to global market. Hence , this comapany also include their motto in the logo so that people will actually know that they offer them with delicious , quality bahulu and they also care for the relationship that their have with the customers. BUSINESS NAMECARD Lot A-2, Jalan Kemboja, Taman Meru Indah, Kg. Meru, 42200 Meru, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. No. Tel : 03-8885258 Website : www.et_enterprise.com.my LOCATION OF COMPANY This company located at Meru , Klang. THE ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN Vision To internationalize traditional cakes ( bahulu and others in the future ). Mission: To modernize traditional food. Objective: To market traditional food ( for now bahulu ) in whole Malaysia. ORGANIZATIONAL CHART MOHD.ABD.HALIM BIN SALANI (GENERAL MANAGER) MOHD EFI BIN TASNIMUDDIN (Financial Manager) ASMA BINTI RUSTAM (Operational Manager) MOHD HASHAMUDDIN BIN HASSAN (Administrative Manager) IRMAWATI BINTI ROSLAN (Marketing Manager) ADIBAH BINTI AHMAD DAUS (Direct Workers) FATIMAH BINTI HASSAN (Direct Workers) MOHD MUADZ BIN MAHMOOD (Direct Workers) NURUL ATEKAH BINTI MUHAMAD ALIAS (Asisstant Marketing Manager) JOB DESCRIPTION Position Responsibilities General manager Act as a superior of company that monitoring all activities in the company. Act as authorized person that approve the activities and financing. Have a power to control the companies. Ensure the performance of company is always good. Always care about society of employee and partner. Administration manager Help the entire department in area of administration. Determine the rate of employee and partner. Always keep the office clean. Help the General Manager. Marketing manager Find the target market for the production. Ensure all the goods are sold. Do forecast sales for the company. Find the best strategy to attract customer. Find the solution to become a winner in competition between competitors. Find the potential market for the company. Assistant marketing manager Helps the marketing manager Operation manager Find the best supplier for the company. Ensure the operational is operating wisely without problem. Ensure all the goods in a good quality. Ensure the all production is following the planning. Make sure all production is enough to support the demand from customer. Financial manager Prepare the financial statement. Ensure the company has sufficient cash to do an activity. Always find the solution to cut the cost and expenses. Workers Produce the product Ensure the factory in clean and clear after working THE MARKETING PLAN PRODUCT CONCEPT The product that this company offers to the customers is bahulu. They have done some innovation to the bahulu in order to make it look different and attractive than other ordinary bahulu. They also modernize the bahulu so that in the future it can be accepted globally. The types of bahulu that their offer to the customers are Crà ¨me Bahulu ( strawberry , vanilla and chocolate ), Cup bahulu with Crà ¨me Topping , Birthday Bahulu and Wedding Cup bahulu. Crà ¨me Bahulu is the main product which will be distributed to the retailers. While for Cup bahulu with Crà ¨me Topping , Birthday Bahulu and Wedding Cup bahulu are the types of products that their offer to the customers for ordering purposes. With these varieties of products , theis company hope that they are able to compete with other competitors and able to gain more customers. Besides that , they also ensure that our bahulu is delightful so that customers will satisfy with the taste and quality. Below are the packages that t his customer offer to the customers. a) Crà ¨me Bahulu b) Birthday Bahulu c) Wedding / engagement / other occasions i) Gift to the guest: Crà ¨me Bahulu ( 1 box contains 3 bahulu inside ) ii) Cupbahulu with Crà ¨me Topping iii) Wedding Cup bahulu TARGET MARKET Since the factory is located in Meru , Klang and its also near to Shah Alam , target market would be the customers in Klang and Shah Alam. Most people are already familiar with bahulu as one of Malay traditional cakes which are served during Hari Raya and are enjoyed by many. Therefore this company bahulu and cup bahulu can also be enjoyed by all age groups. It means that , in term of demographic segmentation ,their focusing on customers from all age groups who live in Klang and Shah Alam area. Since they also accept customized orders for certain occasions such as birthdays and weddings , they give a bit more focus on those in the age group of 1 35 years old as they are at the age where they like to have birthday celebrations with their group of friends and families as well as getting married. This is where they will focus to sell the birthday and wedding cup bahulu. Besides that , they also segment our market into separate psychographic profiles. Since the bahulu and cupbahulu are modernized version of the traditional bahulu , they seek to first capture the interest of those who are adventurous and love to try out new things besides being food enthusiasts. This company hope that through them , it could reach out to other more conservative customers by recommending our delicious and unique bahulu and cup bahulu to others. MARKET SIZE Market size is the total potential purchase that is expected from the target market. According to a July 2006 census , the population of Shah Alam stood at more than about 580,000 while Klang population stood at 683,000 which make the total population amounts to 1,263,000. This company estimated that 50% of the total population eat bahulu. Therefore , 50% x 1,263,000 = 631,500 Among the 631,500 who eat bahulu , their estimated that 39.5% of them would pick bahulu as their favourite snacks or deserts and thus eat more bahulu than others. Therefore : 39.5% x 631,500 = 250,000 From this 250,000 people , the estimated percentage of those who are more adventurous and would like to try the modernized version of bahulu is 25%. Therefore : 25% x 250,000 = 62,500 To conclude , from the total resident of 1,263,000 in Shah Alam and Klang, 62,500 people would be interested to buy modernized bahulu. After determining the market size , they calculate the estimated value of the market size. Usually the bahulu are sold in packets of 10 or 20 per packet. From the survey conducted , they found out the average price for a packet of bahulu is around RM 6.00. The survey was conducted by comparing the prices of the packets of bahulu which are sold by various manufacturers. Therefore the value of the estimated market size is: 62,500 x RM 6.00 = RM 375,000 STRENGTH OF THE COMPANY They could reach both the customers in Shah Alam and Klang with the help of the distributors. This company offer more varieties of bahulu and its safe to say that this coampany among the first company to invent cup bahulu. They strategically located near them raw materials and source of labours which enabled them to minimize the cost of production. MARKETING STRATEGIES The next step in marketing plan is marketing strategies. There are four key variables of marketing strategies which are product , price , promotion and place. This company realize that marketing strategies will give big impact to the companys sales. Therefore , they have developed specific strategies for each factor of the marketing strategies. PRODUCT As stated before in the product concept , this company offer several products to the customers which are Crà ¨me Bahulu , Cupbahulu with Crà ¨me Topping , Birthday Bahulu and Wedding Cup bahulu. With the motto quality , delicious and relation , they are not only focusing on the taste of the bahulu , but also care about the quality of their bahulu. In order to attract customers to buy the product , this company have design the bahulu with different design according to the types of order. Besides that , they packing the product with clear colorful plastic for those products that will be distribute to the retailers shops. The purpose is to allow customers to see the product clearly. While for ordering packages , the packing are in colorful box and ribbon so that it will look more special , simple yet beautiful. PRICE Basically , this company use cost based pricing to put price on the product. For different types of bahulu , they put different price for it. This is because the amount of material used for different types of bahulu is different from one another. Besides that , they also consider the quality and the preparation steps of the bahulu before putting the price. Below are the price for 1 unit of bahulu and the selling prices of our products. Price per unit: RM 0.27 + ( 45% x RM 0.27 ) = RM 0.40 / unit Therefore , the price for 1 packet of bahulu which consists of 10 units bahulu will be : RM 0.40 x 10 = RM 4.00 Selling prices : Bahulu with cream ( for distribution to the retailers ) : RM 4.00 per packet ( 10 units ). : RM 8.00 per packet (20 units ). 2. Orders : Birthday bahulu RM30.00 pe r set Bahulu with cream ( gift to the wedding quest ) RM 1.50 per box Cup bahulu with cream and topping RM 1.00 per unit Wedding cupbahulu RM 360.00 per set PROMOTION Like many other businesses , they also use few types of promotion tools in order to accomplish the sales promotion objectives. This company use advertising in magazines to promote their bahulu. They also choose to advertise the bahulu in magazine like Rasa because this magazine has its own readers who are interested to know about new foods. Besides that , they also have a own website. The purpose of this website is not only to promote the bahulu , but also to get feed back or any new ideas from the customers in order to improve the bahulu. Moreover , this website is also use to introduce new kind of bahulu to the customers. This website will make the customers closer to our product because it is easy to access and customers will easily get information about our bahulu. Other than that , they also do sales promotion like giving bahulu sampling and discounts. This company supply their bahulu sampling to the retailers at Kompleks PKNS and Shah Alam Mall , Shah Alam because at shopping mall people usually are interested in testing food and they tend to buy the food if it tastes delicious. For discounts , they only give discounts for order bahulu. For example , if a customer buys cup bahulu with Crà ¨me Topping for more than 1000 units , then , 10% discounts will be given out of the total price. Lastly , the sales team also do personal selling by communicate face to face with the customers and explain to them the types of bahulu that their offer. Not only that , they also give pamphlet and name card to the customers so that easy for them to contact with them for detail information about their bahulu. PLACE The factory and office are located at Meru which is near to the town and city like Klang and Shah Alam. Therefore , it will make them easier to promote the product to more wide market including the town people. Besides that , this location is strategic because it is near to the raw material and labour source which is the village people. This company also realizes that distribution strategies are important as it is one of the factors that will contribute to whether the product can be sold effectively or not. To distribute the product , they use two types of distribution strategies which are : Manufacturer retailer consumer Manufacturer consumer For distribution that use retailers , they choose four places to sell their bahulu which are Klang ( Pasar Jawa ) , Meru and Shah Alam ( Kompleks PKNS and Shah Alam Mall ). For all the retailers , this comapany agrees to pay them some commission every month. They use retailers to help them to distribute the bahulu in certain places. By using this way , this company could save some cost from renting a shop to sell the bahulu at every place that we want. For direct distribution to the customers , they use this kind of distribution when receive orders from customers. This company will deliver the orders to the customers and no transportation cost is charge for area around Klang , Meru and Shah Alam. But if the delivery is outside from these areas , transportation cost will be charged.

Overcoming my Fear of Roller Coasters Essay example -- Personal Narrat

I have this fear that causes my body to shake. When I think about it, my skin becomes pale and cold. It’s death speeding through my mind. Once I have seen these monstrous roller coasters, the only thing in my mind was fear. Knowing that I’m afraid to go on these rides, I didn’t want to look like a fool in front of my friends. My mind is thinking of deadly thoughts. My palms were sweaty and I was twitching like a fish. I was petrified of heights. We pulled into the roller coaster park in our Ford Excursion truck. It was me and my dearest friends. Our stomachs were growling like mountain lions. We haven’t had a chance to get something to eat during the trip. I opened the container of ham and cheese sandwiches and have had three sandwiches faster than a track star. My un-calm hands couldn’t even open a bottle of wild cherry soda. Thinking about what I’m going to do when we enter the park. After eating our sack lunches, our group of five decided to enter the park. I can hear the roller coaster tracks and machinery almost sounding like a train, watching the faces of the people. After...

With Reference to Relevant Research Studies, to What Extent Does Genetic Inheritance Influence Behavior?

There is currently a substantial body of research supporting the argument that there is a genetic influence on numerous human behaviors, such as homosexuality, intelligence and personality. One indication that behavior has a genetic basis is that behavior is often species specific. Examples include the warning behavior of prairie dogs or the mouth to mouth sharing of blood amongst vampire bats. The closer our genetic resemblance is to a certain species, the more behaviors we have in common. Since long it has also been known that behavior can be bred true, which is the reason why some breeds display specific behaviors. Behavior is also known to change in response to changes in biological structures or processes. Examples include the use of the SSRI drug which alters the reuptake of serotonin in the synapses and consequently our mood, or the loss of important cognitive functions due to brain damage. As the anatomical structure and the physiological processes depend on our DNA we can infer that genes indirectly influence our behavior. It is important to bear in mind that the brain can alter its structure from experience, but this capacity must clearly be genetically determined. Most researchers agree that all behaviors are more or less indirectly influenced by genes. Where they disagree is the extent to which genes influence behavior. Some behavior also seems to be more influenced by genes than others. The influence of cognitive, social and cultural factors on behavior cannot be denied, and even though there may be a genetic predisposition for many disorders, the extent to which the genotype is expressed in its phenotype will depend on environmental influences. The stress-vulnerability model, for instance, assumes that the onset and symptoms of mental disorders are influenced by three interacting factors; biological, environmental and protecting factors that may protect the individual against development of a disorder. A study that illustrates the interaction of genes and environment on behavior is a molecular genetics study by Caspi et al. (2003). Caspi et al. investigated the relationship between the 5-HTT gene and occurrence of depression in 847 New Zealanders. The 5-HTT gene is responsible for the production of serotonin in the body, which in turn has an influence on our mood. A DNA sample was taken of each participant, who also was asked to answer a questionnaire on depression. In order to ensure the participants’ honesty in their self report, their responses were cross checked with a friend of their own choice. The researchers also controlled for levels of stressful life events. The results showed that participants with a short allele on the 5-HTT gene had an increased vulnerability for depression between the ages of 21 to 26. The study also found that the participants only had developed depression if they had suffered from stressful life events, no matter whether they had a propensity for the disorder or not. Replications of the Caspi study in different countries by Chiao and Blizinsky (2010) further support a gene – environment interaction for depression. They investigated the prevalence of the short allele in the 5-HTT gene in different populations and found that there are higher frequencies in populations that are considered to have a â€Å"collectivist† culture, such as Asians, and that there are lower frequencies in populations with an â€Å"individualist† culture, such as Europeans or North Americans. This seems counter-intuitive, considering that depression is more common in individualist cultures than collectivist cultures. Asians should genetically be more prone to depression than Europeans and North Americans, yet Europeans and North Americans are more likely to suffer from it. The research is suffering from several methodological problems. It is possible that depression is as common or in the East as in the West, but that it is underreported. If the data is to be trusted, it suggests that Asian cultures may have better protective factors against the development of depression compared to Western culture, such as better social support. These findings raise potential ethical issues of discrimination and prejudice. Because of the methodological weaknesses of the research, the findings are not conclusive. Most research supports an interaction between genes and environment on behavior. Genetic research on twins and families usually measure the degree of similarity in characteristics, such as intelligence, between genetically related and unrelated individuals. From this comparison, a concordance rate between 0 and 100 is calculated. If the rate is close to 100, the behavior is assumed to have a strong genetic basis. On the other hand, if the rate is low, environmental factors are thought to play a major part. Some of behaviors that have the highest concordance rates are homosexuality, schizophrenia, alcoholism, general mood levels, and intelligence, with average concordance rates between 60 and 70. Behaviors with lower concordance rates include depression, personality, religious values, political beliefs and vocational interests, with average concordance rates of around 30 %. It may seem curious that some of the latter behaviors have a small genetic component, and it is possible that the concordance rates are flawed by methodological issues. The concordance rates fluctuate between studies of the same behavior. This may be due poor control of confounding variables. Some relationships may be purely coincidental, such as in a famous study by Bouchard where two identical twins raised apart had a wife with the same name and in addition had named their son by the same name. Even if monozygotic twins that are raised in different families exercise similar behavior, it can also be because they are raised in similar social and cultural settings, because they look similar and therefore are treated the same, or because they exercise similar behavior patterns of adopted children. Also, one cannot rule out that researcher expectancies and small sample sizes can influence the concordance rates. Finally, there is a construct validity problem of the studied behaviors. Concepts such as intelligence lack an agreed upon definition, and some mental disorders are viewed differently in different countries. It is therefore difficult to compare concordance rates between such studies, as they are measuring different concepts. Even so, it is possible that if personality and talent has a genetic component, individuals may be biologically more inclined to some interests than others, and thus may be more likely to adapt a certain value system or vocation. Even though there are methodological problems involved in genes and behavior research, there is overwhelming evidence that there is an influence of genetic inheritance on most behaviors. The extent of this genetic influence is however still controversial, and may vary depending on the behavior.

Twitter

What are you up to? – Twitter, of course Twitter is a great social medium. There are more people than you could imagine, tweeting at this very moment. It is a phenomenon which by the looks of I will remain popular for decades. In the following article, I will emphasize some of the advantages and disadvantages of using it for business, political and social purposes. The â€Å"hunch† Back to where it all started, a CEO of a company called ODE, hired an engineer named Jack. His name was Even Williams, and he presented the idea of people being able to send simple status updates to friends or however might find you interesting.He had found his main project, and in 2006 twitter was live. Even felt that the potential of Twitter was there, so he decided to pursue his hunch. The concept of Twitter is very simple. You fill out a status update containing 140 characters or less about what you are up to. In less than a second after, the update is readable for everyone who is followi ng you. The core of Twitter is to allow people to share moments of these lives, no matter the time and place. The purpose is similar to Passbooks, to let people feel connected and closer to each other. The usersUsers all around the globe helped building Twitter towards what it is today. As an example, the users started making references using â€Å"tags†. So if, hypothetically, I made an update about me hanging out with my teacher Jonas Rasmussen at the school, it would look like this â€Å"Oliver is chilling with his teacher @Assessments at @Whistler?d†. The tags were invented by the users, twitter Just made it a part of the site and easier to use. This shows that feedback from the community is something that twitter considers, and lets users help shape the medium. Using Twitter for business purposesThere sis a lot of companies that uses twitter to keep track of what people tend to think or say about them. Whenever a user tags the company or place, a scanning tool all ows them to instantly identify the status. For some users, this is very concerning. They are afraid that they cannot tweet freely, without companies spying on them. Often companies actually uses this tool to help people help themselves. To pull out an example, the game companies such as Valve, Riot Games and Blizzard frequently use Twitter to obtain valuable feedback from customers to improve their services or reduces.All this seems incredibly smart, but there are some disadvantages regarding the use of Twitter. Some people are actually addicted to Twitter, as some people are to Backbone. It leaves you easily distracted in your everyday life, and it interrupts you doing important things. People tend to Just disable your tweets if you distract them, and that causes your overall Twitter audience to decrease. Some will actually consider people as â€Å"spammed†, if you don't find the balance of being friendly, posting your online marketing. A common disadvantage for the users co uld which leaves you with a very limited audience to share you tweets with.Using twitter for social purposes Along with Backbone, Twitter is one of the most powerful social websites to date and serves a lot of purposes. The social aspect is obviously the key to make people entertained by Twitter. You visit the site to feel connected in a fun way. It is awesome to keep track of what you're friends are doing all the time. A bad thing about this is that now you know everything, and it ruins the content of the conversation you will have, when you actually meet. This online relationship could actually replace the real fife relationship to some extent.The growth of the media could potentially affect the kids, who obviously needs the social competence to develop in a proper way. Sliver lilt s?get†¦ Using Twitter for political purposes The substantial growth of Twitter is really reflected, when 47 Congress members sis live as well. Barack Obama, the most powerful man on earth, is very active on a lot of media. They use Twitter to get intimated with their fans and followers to stress their humanity to some extent. By sharing their everyday battles and struggles, it helps people relate to the given person.As a downside of politicians on Twitter, it would be crucial for them to tweet something that could damage their reputation or political career. Sharing family info, economy, beliefs or interest must be done with caution. Backbone & Twitter The biggest difference between Backbone and Twitter is that Twitter does not allow people to like or comment – only being able to read and enjoy. On Backbone, it is required for people to accept you as friend, to let them receive your updates. On twitter, you simply Just have to follow the given person without permission.Twitter is considered as being a freer site to some extent, compared to Backbone. Backbone has been left with a huge amount of struggles towards privacy issues and sharing personal information. On the ot her hand, Backbone is way more personal and allows you to get much more intimate to another person. O/PR Both websites cover the same needs; to connect people, no matter where in the world they are. As a sum up, the power of the social media should be emphasized. They can be used for a lot of purposes, some are right and some are wrong. And Freest?r effectuates†¦ (936 words)

The Psychological Being Essays

The Psychological Being Essays The Psychological Being Essay The Psychological Being Essay The colloquial language and the simplicity of thematic expression have captivated my attention to choose this poem. Volume can be written about intricacies of relationship, its psychological dimensions and the duality in human nature, but the poet has beautifully summed up the both themes in 26 lines. He does not ponder over the philosophical dimensions of the topic but beautifully explains the action and psychological realism. The poem encircles the Wordsworthian definition of poetry as â€Å"spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings†.The complexity and intricacy of a relationship is represented in a beautiful way. Relationship develops in a way that one can not escape its sentimentalities if one desires so. It depicts a paradoxical behaviour on the part of the narrator that she wants to leave but she herself questions her own irresoluteness in the very starting line of the poem. She did all the preparations to leave but she is unable to do that. There is something tangible i n the relation. Her partner does not utter a single word yet his looks have a mesmerizing effect that shake the very foundation of narrator’s resoluteness.This is not narrator’s first attempt to leave her partner as she says that â€Å"I pick up my suitcase and set it down, /As I try to leave you again.† (Lines 7-8) Although she has decided to leave but she still thinks of his pathos and miseries after her. Here poet uses one personal characteristic of the partner and one external factor that the narrator takes into account while deciding not to leave i.e. his (partner’s laziness) and drought. Although she has already contemplating not to leave but the final decision comes as a result of something highly passionate i.e. â€Å"You take my hands, I nod/and go to the house to unpack†. (Lines12-13) Here he marvellously explained the whole process of ‘not going’. Although there are other factors but the physical intimacy remains the chief m otivator.I think that the poet considers poetry as a deliberate process that involves too much contemplation but his stress is on the powerful feelings. Unlike conventional poets who used to show their mastery on every topic given to them or chosen by them, this particular poet only considers a manifestation of powerful internal feeling and meditation. He thus defines a new poetic standard by discarding the neoclassical theory of poetry. He strongly snubs the elevated poetic diction. One can easily infer from this poem that there is an understood and implicit correlation between truth and the language and it is the duty of a poet to make this truth explicit in simplistic language.If we apply Freudian approach of psycho-analysis on the poem, it is manifested that narrator’s attempt to leave his partner is in fact a reflection of something psychological that is deeply embedded in her being i.e. longing for sexual cohabitation. It can be presumed that there is something wrong in their sexual relationship and she (narrator) finds another way to direct his partner toward sexual intimacy. She threatens him with parting of ways but she does that half-heartedly as her sole motive is to get the attentions she needs and to gratify her sexual being.   This is her â€Å"other reason to stay† but one can easily judge that true reason to stay.One can employ other deeper meaning i.e. yearning for closeness in one’s relationship. Indulgence in sexual activity is a mean to an end i.e. physical, emotional and psychological closeness and not an end in itself i.e. the gratification of sexual lust. The adorning exercise with â€Å"white lace slip† can be captivating tool whereas the desire â€Å"for you to take off† metaphorically explains the craving on the part of narrator to get acquainted in a better way by removing the outer layer’s of one’s personality and to be known at a psychological level.â€Å"Take off† here sign ifies dual symbolism. On one level it refers to peel off the upper layers of personality to get a better mutual understanding whereas on the other level taking off the white lace slip is necessary to trigger the sexual desire of the partner and arouse his feelings. A sexual gratification is the only mean that they have to forget the pathos and miseries of life momentarily. Both seems to be a part of the down-trodden class and narrators know that they â€Å"can’t give ach other any more† whether is pleasures or socio-economic solace.My purpose was to apply the psycho-analytical theory of criticism of literary pieces on this poem to derive at certain psychological assumption about the characters and put forward a psychological theme. I this way,   I discovered the psychological realism i.e. one can not and should not draw conclusion about characters, their nature and dispositions by merely analyzing their actions but one must hanker after the motives behind the actions and the thought processes behinds the characters. It is said that Grand poetry and poetic theme do not take into consideration the subjective views of poet and individual emotions butthis poem capacitated me to undersand that poetry is a medium through which personal experiences can be expressed lucudly and persnal experiences can also be universalized.

SUMMARY of The Untold Story of Milk chapter 14 Essay

SUMMARY of The Untold Story of Milk chapter 14 - Essay Example The consequence of this realization was the invention of homogenization since it could fix the milk’s emulsion. As such scientists in the late 1890’s invented the homogenization process as a means of emulsifying margarine. This process entailed the [passing of milk through hair-like tubules machine that helped in breaking the fat particles to much smaller granules hence the milk would remain in an emulsified state. another advantage of pasteurization was that it allowed milk to be transported for long distances. Hence both pasteurization and homogenization ensured that milk would stay emulsified and fresh for longer periods. However, these practices were not easily embraced by the consumers because these processes changed both the milk’s flavor and eliminated the famous cream line present in the traditional milk. Therefore, the industry players had a hard time convincing the consumers about the advantages of skimmed milk. In addition, to the rigidity in the adoption of skimmed milk there are other untold stories behind pasteurized and homogenized milk. Kurt Oster a native German scientist, who fled the Nazi war for America, was the first scientist to research on the connection of skimmed milk and cardiac diseases. His curiosity was however, triggered by the absence of plasmalogen in the arteries and the presence of xanthine Oxidase (XO), a hormone that should not be present in the blood arteries. His initial study was aimed at investigating plasmalogen which forms a substantial part of the surrounding muscles of the heart as well as the cells that form the arteries walls. The lack of plasmalogen in these tissues triggered an urge in Oster to do more research especially after associating it to atherosclerosis. In addition, Oster experienced two heart attacks and this created the rage to research more on cardiac ailments. However, as he researched he did not find

Example of science being used in your World Assignment

Example of science being used in your World - Assignment Example Surprisingly, he was suspected to have involved himself in doping, a scientific contraption meant to enhance performance. It is from this situation that science can be used to lessen the quantity of athletes practicing this illegal act in sporting. There are procedures to be followed by all sports officials before the commencement of any competition. The idea is to perform a quick drug testing test ethic, which will detect any strange substance hiding in the blood. The science of doping detection is advancing, and this technology can be used to catch athletes involved in such immoralities to emerge victorious, for example, Floyd. Another proficiency that can be used is introducing a benchmark to stop those athletes whose drugs are already settled in the body. This will detect the amount of occurring chemicals that should be in the blood. Repeating testing for doping makes the drugs resistance to the chemical, hence the substance should be upgraded after sometime (Bell). Therefore, modern science can be used to assess the amount of chemical level in the blood and can help lessen instances of unprofessio nalism in sporting